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The Urban Mobility
Plan (UMP) is a strategic plan based on investments and innovations, either
from the organisation or from the management point of view. Particularly the
UMP includes a mix of Short & Medium term measures (Car Sharing, Car
Pooling and Mobility Management, city logistic, information to citizen...), and
Long Term ones (infrastructural projects). The UMP is usually intended to
contrast congestion and pollution, increasing the possibility of movements, for
people or for goods, and achieving a balance between the private car and other
modes of transport.
The UMP will make in
general use of the measures described in the section ‘”transport related
measures”’ of the INTEGAIRE database, particularly those having a more
strategic and long-term character.
The Urban Transport
Plan (UTP) is a short-term plan (with a temporal validity of 2 to 3 years),
which has lower implementation costs and does not include infrastructural
measures. It improves transportation supply, rationalising the use of the existing
transport facilities, and, at the same time, it has to manage transportation
demand. The main aims of the UTP can be summarized into the following points:
to improve the traffic schemes, to reduce the energy consumption and the air
pollution, to improve the safety and the accessibility of the urban area.
Among the UTP actions
we can list: the functional classification of the street, the location of
parking and inter-modal areas, the introduction of cyclist lanes and pedestrian
zones, and the synchronization of the traffic light system. The UTP also makes
allowance for interventions and new regulations for public transportation, as
well as cyclist mobility, tourism buses, and goods loading and unloading. The
Urban Transport Plan will make, in general, use of the measures described in
the section “Transport related Measures” of the INTEGAIRE database,
particularly those having a medium-term character.
In recent publications,
the European Commission refers to Sustainable Urban Transport Plans (SUTP) as the
legal terminology. In the upcoming Thematic Strategy for the Urban Environment,
this will be a basic and important concept.
A Local Agenda’s SUTP
should deal with several issues:
·
Reducing the adverse
environmental impacts of urban transport whilst sustaining an efficient,
inclusive and effective transport system;
·
Promoting citizen
participation in local transport planning;
·
Improving the
integration between urban transport-related policies in different sectors, and
at different levels through the UTP process;
·
Bringing about a
significant decoupling of economic growth and transport demand;
·
Tackling rising
traffic volumes and reduce the demand for motorised private transport;
·
Increasing the share
in public transport, walking and cycling modes;
·
Endorsing the use of
low emission vehicles;
·
Ensuring access for
all citizens to basic transport services, promoting social inclusion;
·
Fostering the common
use of urban environment indicators;
·
Raising awareness
among urban transport policy stakeholders in Europe regarding
sustainable urban mobility and the benefits to be gained by preparing UTPs.
The Land Use Plan
shows, in general terms, the proposed distribution of land uses. It determines
which parts of the city are to be used for housing, industry or other urban uses
and which parts are to be retained as open spaces. In addition, it shows the
main transportation network and the locations for public services and
facilities of more than local importance. In drawing up the plan, the local
authority takes into account foreseeable demands of the community as well as
political objectives of city development. It aims to achieve a strategic
balance between different public and private interests relating to the limited
area of land within the city boundaries. The Land Use Plan is usually required
to contribute to the protection of the natural environment and to ensure
environmentally adequate living conditions for all inhabitants of the city.
Important objectives of the plan are the economical use of land and other
resources, the protection of areas of ecological importance, the conservation
of ground water, the reduction of unnecessary traffic and the encouragement of
environmentally friendly means of transport. The Land Use Plan will make, in
general, use of the measures described in the section “Land Use Measures” of
the INTEGAIRE database.
City Energy Plans are based on the
analysis of local energy supply and demand trends, in relation to social and
economic conditions. Related greenhouse gas emissions are also considered. This
analysis can be used to develop scenarios for future energy supply and demand,
to help identifying key actions that can change current trends. A series of
guidelines can then be prepared, describing ways to encourage the adoption of
best available energy techniques and technologies, support the integration of
energy sustainability into City Government plans and regulations, inform
consumers and retailers about energy efficient products, develop agreements
with key energy sector stakeholders, reduce the amount of energy use in
residential and public buildings and by the vehicle fleet, promote more
sustainable ways of transportation, take initiatives on cogeneration and
district heating based on biomass, wind turbines and other forms of renewable
energy. |